wind energy
How do wind turbines work?
- Wind is a form of solar energy. The wind is caused by uneven heating of the atmosphere by the sun, irregularities in the earth's surface and the rotation of the earth. Wind patterns vary with land, water bodies and vegetation. Humans use this air flow or kinetic energy for various purposes: to navigate, to fly and to generate electricity.
- The term wind energy or wind power describes the process by which the wind is used to produce mechanical or electrical energy. Wind turbines convert the movement of the wind into mechanical energy. This mechanical energy can be used for specific tasks (such as grinding grain or pumping water) or a generator can convert this mechanical energy into electricity.
- How do wind turbines generate electricity? Simply put, wind turbines work against fans. Instead of using electricity to generate wind, wind turbines use wind to generate electricity. The wind turns blades that turn a shaft connected to a generator, generating electricity. Take a look inside the wind turbine to see the different parts in the image below.
- This aerial view of wind turbines shows how a group of wind turbines generate electricity for the utility grid. Electricity to homes, businesses, schools, etc. through transmission and distribution lines.
Type of wind turbine
- Modern wind turbines can be divided into two basic groups: horizontal axis differential and vertical axis designs, such as the Darius Whisk style model, named after its French inventor.
- Horizontal axis wind turbines usually have two or three blades. These three-bladed wind turbines go "uphill" with the blades facing the wind.
Utility-sized turbines range from 100 kW to several megawatts. The large turbines are connected to a wind farm that supplies electricity to the grid.
- Individual small turbines of less than 100 kW are used for domestic use, telecommunication antennas or water pumps. Small turbines are sometimes used with diesel generators, batteries and photovoltaic systems. These systems are called hybrid wind systems and typically operate in off-grid locations without connection to the utility grid.
In wind turbines
Anemometer
It measures the wind speed and sends the wind speed information to the controller.
Voice:
Most turbines have two or three blades. Air hits the wheels causing the blades to "lift" and spin.
Brake:
Mechanical disc brakes, electrically or hydraulically actuated, to stop the rotor in an emergency.
Controller:
The controller turns the motor on at wind speeds of 8 to 16 mph and turns the motor off at 55 mph. The turbine does not operate in wind speeds above 55 mph because strong winds can damage it.
Violation:
Gears connect the low-speed shaft to the high-speed shaft, increasing the speed from 30 to 60 revolutions per minute (RPM) to 1000 to 1800 RPM, the speed required by most generators to produce electricity. The gearbox is an expensive (and heavy) component of a wind turbine, and engineers are exploring "direct drive" generators that operate at low speeds and do not require a gearbox.
Generator:
A commercial induction generator typically produces 60 cycles of alternating current power.
high speed waves
Drives the generator.
Slow wave:
The rotor rotates the shaft at 30 to 60 revolutions per minute.
Gondola:
The nacelle is located on top of the tower and contains the gearbox, low and high speed shafts, generator, controls and brakes. Some gondolas are large enough to land helicopters.
Place:
The blades move forward or backward from the wind to control the speed of the rotor and prevent the wind from being too strong or too weak to generate electricity.
Rotor:
The propeller and the propeller together are called the rotor.
Tower:
Towers can be made of tubular steel (shown here), concrete or steel mesh. As wind speed increases with height, taller towers allow turbines to capture more energy and generate more electricity.
wind direction
It is a wind turbine because it works with the wind. Other turbines are designed to work 'against the wind'; This means they move away from the wind.
Wind protection:
It measures the wind direction and communicates with the yaw reference to direct the turbine directly into the wind.
Wi-Fi driver:
The turbine spins against the wind; Yaw drive is used to keep the rotor in flux when the wind direction changes. Wind turbines do not need steering, the wind blows the rotor from the wind.
The machine itself.
This stimulates the yaw motor.
This information was taken from http://www1.eere.energy.gov.